Race and Socioeconomic Factors

By: Braveman P, Egerter S, An J and Williams D

Publisher: RWJF Commission to Build a Healthier America

Published: April 20, 2009

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Dramatic differences in health among racial or ethnic groups in the United States have been observed repeatedly across a wide range of important indicators of health from the beginning of life through old age. The largest and most consistent health disparities generally are observed for blacks and—when data are available—American Indians compared with whites, although Hispanics and some Asian groups also have significantly worse health than whites on a number of measures. For example, compared with a baby born to a white mother, a baby born to a black mother is more than twice as likely, and an infant born to an American Indian or Alaska Native mother almost one and a half times as likely, to die before reaching his or her first birthday. Age-adjusted overall mortality rates are higher for blacks compared with all other groups; these age-adjusted rates mask even larger disparities among the young. Adult Hispanics, Asians and blacks have higher rates of diabetes than adult whites.


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